Tent Heater Tests

I spent a ridiculous amount of time testing heaters in a tent.

Why would I do that? You might ask…

I’ve scoured several blogs about heaters in a tent and they recommended several of these heater models. I feel like that was unfair because many of these heaters are not rated for indoor use. I wondered what the difference between an indoor-rated heater and an outdoor-rated heater and if the infamous Mr. Heater Buddy line of heaters were actually safer.

If you want to see details about the tests in video form you can check it out on YouTube, here:

Are Tent Heaters Safe?

Let’s jump into the data. If you’re most interested in one aspect of the test, feel free to jump around using these:

Safety Tests

Temperature Tests

Efficiency Tests

Heaters I Tested

  • Mr. Heater Portable Buddy
  • Mr. Heater Little Buddy
  • Mr. Heater Golf Cart
  • Martin Radiant /Texport Radiant (same heater)
  • Martin CH3 Catalytic
  • Flame King CHS10

Safety Tests

I feel like I went overboard with the safety tests. You probably won’t find a more comprehensive set of safety tests done by an amateur as you’ll find here. I hope you enjoy them.

Tip Tests

I think this may arguably be the most important test–it turns out that the carbon monoxide output is an important factor, but if you have good ventilation it’s much less important than the notion that you have a very hot surface that you are bringing into an area with an extreme fire risk–your tent.

I simply tipped the heaters over to determine their safety features.

The Martin Radiant / Texport and the Martin CH3 did not have any tip detection advertised. As expected, they didn’t shut off when tipped.

Martin CH3

The Martin CH3 however is in a tripod shape and is actually very sturdy and difficult to tip. Although it doesn’t have a tip detector I’d say it’s actually not a bad option. It’s still possible to knock over, though.

Data

HeaterTip Test
Martin Radiant / Texport N/A (FAIL)
Martin CH3N/A (Pass?)
Mr. Heater Little BuddyPass
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyPass
Mr. Heater Golf CartFAIL
Flame King CHS10Pass

The Golf Cart heater actually when laid down did not shut off the gas when tipped over. It supposedly has a less-sensitive tip detector because it’s meant to be driven around… but I did knock it down with enough force where I think it should have cut off. It really would have to fall down in order to cut off I think–or my unit was defective.

Gas Tests

I did a lot of gas tests and I’m not going to give you all the gory details of what I tried–but I’ll summarize.

I tested the heaters in normal ventilation and weaker ventilation conditions inside my big tent (9ft-Lx10ft-Wx6.5ft-H) and I tested some of the heaters inside the smaller tent with normal and weaker ventilation conditions.

The Flame King was not eligible for testing in the small tent because the gas control knob wouldn’t allow for it to be set to low–when I set it to “low” the gas would flutter and not burn correctly, letting off a lot of carbon monoxide. Either the unit was malfunctioning or this is a design flaw.

The pass/fail evaluation for these tests is a bit harder to make because all of these heaters are dangerous in a low-ventilation situation. All of the heaters seemed to perform okay in good ventilation

Also, I tested these heaters for carbon monoxide as I was lighting them and also right above the unit to see what kind of gas emissions were being dispersed into the tent:

Light Test

HeaterLight Test
(Carbon Monoxide PPM)
Martin Radiant / Texport~23PPM CO
Martin CH3~10PPM CO
Mr. Heater Little Buddy~37PPM CO
Mr. Heater Portable Buddy~10PPM CO
Mr. Heater Golf Cart~30PPM CO
Flame King CHS10~21PPM CO
Although the Little Buddy did the worst and put off the most CO, these are still very small amounts of CO and nothing to be concerned about.

As I lit the heaters I measured the gas output–sure enough, all of the units output carbon monoxide during lighting. ~35 PPM CO is not a dangerous amount for just a few seconds, though. Several standards say that from 25-50PPM CO is dangerous when exposed for more than 8 hours.

~35PPM for a few seconds is not a big deal.

Near-Gas Test

I held up the detector right above the unit after it had been burning for a few minutes.

me-holding-gas-detector-over-lit-heater
HeaterNear-Gas Test
(Carbon Monoxide PPM)
Martin Radiant / Texport0PPM CO
Martin CH3~5PPM CO
Mr. Heater Little Buddy~15PPM CO
Mr. Heater Portable Buddy~5-6PPM CO
Mr. Heater Golf Cart~5-6PPM CO
Flame King CHS10~5-6PPM CO
Although the Little Buddy did the worst and put off the most CO, these are still very small amounts of CO and nothing to be concerned about.

None of these amounts are concerning–although it is of note that out of all these heaters that the Little Buddy put off the most CO.

In-Tent Gas Test

The near gas tests are interesting, but the most important question is does carbon monoxide build up in the tent with these propane heaters?

For the in-tent gas test I ran the heater for 15 minutes with good or bad ventilation in a big or small tent.

As I mentioned, previously, I couldn’t run the Flame King in the small tent because it would put off too much heat and could have damaged my tent if I put it on high. I couldn’t put the unit on low because it wasn’t working properly.

HeaterVentilationTentIn-Tent Gas Test
(Carbon Monoxide PPM)
Flame King CHS10GoodBig0 PPM
Flame King CHS10PoorBig11 PPM (FAIL) — NO GAS BUILDUP SHOULD HAPPEN
Flame King CHS10GoodSmallN/A (didn’t run the tests because heater could not run on low)
Flame King CHS10PoorSmallN/A
Martin CH3GoodBig0 PPM
Martin CH3PoorBig0 PPM
Martin CH3GoodSmall0 PPM
Martin CH3PoorSmall0 PPM (Oxygen dropping .7-.8%)
Martin Radiant / TexportGoodBig0 PPM
Martin Radiant / TexportPoorBig0 PPM
Martin Radiant / TexportGoodSmall0 PPM
Martin Radiant / TexportPoorSmall0 PPM (Oxygen dropping .5%)
Mr. Heater Golf CartGoodBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Golf CartPoorBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Golf CartGoodSmall0 PPM
Mr. Heater Golf CartPoorSmall14 PPM, 20% oxygen (dropped 1%)
Mr. Heater Little BuddyGoodBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Little BuddyPoorBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Little BuddyGoodSmall0 PPM (Trace amounts of CO)
Mr. Heater Little BuddyPoorSmall14 PPM (Oxygen dropping .6%)
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyGoodBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyPoorBig0 PPM
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyGoodSmall8 PPM (Trace amounts of CO)
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyPoorSmall21 PPM (Oxygen dropping .7%)
Portable Buddy Had CO build up with normal ventilation inside the tent

That’s a lot of data… my takeaway was that all of these heaters did really well with carbon monoxide. The only one of real concern was the Flame King. The unit would start fluttering and the tiles would stop glowing as much and so it was half burning the propane which was putting off a fair amount of carbon monoxide.

These heaters can malfunction, even if they have lots of safety features–they are not to be used while sleeping or otherwise unattended.

It was also made very clear to me that these heaters are meant to be used with good ventilation. The small tent I actually partially covered up the roof vent and as you could see all of the heaters were slowly eating away at the oxygen in the tent and many of them were building up CO.

I put a tent stake here–but a tree branch could do this just as well

A low-ventilation scenario isn’t hard to do. In fact, all you have to do is not set up your tent all the way and you could be in a low O2 or high CO situation.

Always make sure you have plenty of ventilation before using any type of propane heater.

Also, I wouldn’t use a gas heater for a small tent. In my opinion there’s too much risk of tipping it over–and the units need 3ft of clearance on the sides and top.

Proximity Tests

Something you might not think about when getting these heaters is do they put the heat in the right places?

What you don’t want is for the heat to go downwards, melting your tent floor or igniting your blankets.

I considered these as passing if they didn’t get too hot 3ft above the unit and if they didn’t get the floor too warm

HeaterProximity Tests
Martin Radiant / TexportPASS
Martin CH3PASS
Mr. Heater Little BuddyPASS
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyPASS
Mr. Heater Golf CartPASS
Flame King CHS10PASS (I felt like the floor was getting a bit too warm on the ground, but I don’t think it was dangerous)

Blow-Out Detection

I tested if the units would cut themselves off if you blew out the flames.

HeaterBlow-Out Detection (LEL)
Martin Radiant / Texport40 seconds
Martin CH3Couldn’t Blow Out
Mr. Heater Little BuddyFlammable gasses got to ~6% above unit
Mr. Heater Portable BuddyFlammable gasses got to ~10% above unit
Mr. Heater Golf CartFlammable gasses got to ~23% above unit
Flame King CHS10Flammable gasses got to ~12% above unit

For the Martin Radiant and the Texport, I thought that they didn’t have a blow-out detection feature–doing more research I found that they did. After trying it outside I found it took 40 seconds for it to cut off. Believe me, that will fill your entire tent with propane smell and it will take a while for it to air out.

I’m not positive because I didn’t try to light a match, but I think that is too high and not safe for indoor use (which is fine, since it’s not rated for indoor use anyway).

Stability Tests

Besides the Tip test, one thing I noticed was that the different units had different stabilities. In my opinion, the heaters that use the propane cylinder as a stand were the least stable.

HeaterStability (least stable 1-10 most stable)
Martin Radiant / Texport5
Martin CH310
Mr. Heater Little Buddy3
Mr. Heater Portable Buddy8
Mr. Heater Golf Cart9/1
Flame King CHS107
The golf cart heater sits in a cup holder and is meant to be used inside a golf cart. You can’t really use it outside of the cup holder unless you find another stand. Otherwise it’s extremely tippy.

The Flame King and the Portable Buddy were pretty close, but side by side, the Portable Buddy felt more stable to me.

The Flame King had these loose adjustable feet that didn’t feel as stable as the Portable Buddy

Debris Test

One crazy test I did was to actually try throwing some debris into the heaters to see how the heaters would perform.

I found this debris inside our tent–ready and waiting for this test.

The carbon monoxide shot up temporarily for all of them as the grass and dirt burned off for a minute or so.

The only winner of this category was the Golf Cart Heater. It was the only heater that actually has a mesh frame that kept out the grass from getting stuck on the heating element and burning up.

Temperature Tests

Besides safety, I wanted to see how well these heaters worked in a tent and which one was most effective.

This turned out to be a bit more tricky than the other tests. These heaters are radiant or catalytic heaters–which means they work by emitting directional heat in the form of infrared light (similar to a heat lamp).

Measuring the temperature of the air does not exactly tell the whole story. So, take these numbers with a grain of salt. I think my test method though does compare the heaters to each other. So, perhaps the actual temperatures are off, but you can see which heaters heat the best.

My compromise was that I used two thermometers, one that was 3 ft from the heater where the heat should be, and another thermometer 3 ft away off center from the heater.

I suspended the thermometer 3ft away directly in front of the center of each heater

Next, I did a race–the first thermometer to go up 5 degrees (from 53F to 58F) won. The temperature was about the same from 47F to 49F outside the tent.

HeaterTime to Increase By
5 Degrees Fahrenheit
(Lower is Better)
Temperature After 15 Minutes
Starting timer at 53F
(Higher Is Better)
Martin Radiant / Texport00:08:0160.4F
Martin CH300:07:0061.3F
Mr. Heater Little Buddy00:12:1258.1F
Mr. Heater Portable Buddy00:3:2065.7F
Mr. Heater Golf Cart00:11:2058.6F
Flame King CHS1000:02:1068.4F
The Flame King did the best here raising the temperature by 5F in 2 minutes and 10 seconds–while the Little Buddy took the longest at 12 minutes and 12 seconds.

All in all the Flame King dominated the temperature tests–rasiging the temperature the most and the fastest. The Portable Buddy was right behind, while the Little Buddy lagged at the end but did comparably with the Golf Cart Heater.

Efficiency Tests

Lastly, I wanted to see how long these heaters lasted. I admit, these are my weakest tests because I didn’t start them all off on a new tank of gas–I was lazy and they all used one tank throughout all the tests.

However, I think there’s still some valuable data and you can get a pretty good idea of how long they will last. All of this is for heaters burning through a single 1lb propane tank.

HeaterTime On HighTime On Low
Martin Radiant / Texport04:34:0000:30:00
Martin CH305:28:0000:36:00
Mr. Heater Little Buddy04:54:00N/A (No low setting)
Mr. Heater Portable Buddy01:51:0000:40:00
Mr. Heater Golf Cart05:08:00N/A (No Low Setting)
Flame King CHS1001:49:00N/A (Low Setting Didn’t Work)
Flame King burned through the 1lb tank in 1 hour and 49 minutes–while the Martin CH3 went through 1lb in 5 and a half hours on high plus 36 minutes on low

The Martin CH3 advertises that it lasts 7 hours on low and I believe it–on high it lasted about 5 and a half hours.

The Portable Buddy was actually much more efficient than the Flame King although it doesn’t put quite the same amount of heat out–however, the heat difference vs. the time difference is striking and the Portable Buddy to me did much better as far as efficiency goes.

Conclusion

In my opinion, the Portable Buddy (got mine on Amazon) is the best option and is the only one of these that I decided to keep. The others are fine pieces of equipment, but I like the flexibility of the Portable Buddy over the Little Buddy. The Portable Buddy can burn on high and on low and is more stable.

I talk more about the best three out of this lineup and which ones I would recommend buying in my article, here.